The Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) is a US federal law enforcement agency under the US Department of Justice, which is in charge of fighting drug smuggling and use in the United States. The DEA is the premier institution for domestic enforcement of the Controlled Substance Act, sharing concurrent jurisdiction with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Immigration and Customs (ICE), Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS ). It has a sole responsibility to coordinate and pursue investigations of US drugs, both at home and abroad.
Video Drug Enforcement Administration
History and credentials
The Drug Enforcement Administration was established on July 1, 1973, by Reorganization Plan no. 2 of 1973, signed by President Richard Nixon on 28 July. He proposed the creation of a single federal agency to enforce federal drug legislation as well as consolidate and coordinate the government's drug control activities. Congress accepted the proposal, as they were concerned about the ever-increasing availability of drugs. Consequently, the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD), the Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (ODALE); about 600 Special Agents from the Customs Bureau, Customs Board, and other federal offices joined forces to create DEA.
From the early 1970s, DEA's headquarters were located at 1405 I ("Eye") Street NW in downtown Washington, DC With the overall growth of institutions in the 1980s (due to increased emphasis on federal drug law enforcement) and the simultaneous growth of office staff center, DEA starts looking for new headquarters location; locations in Arkansas, Mississippi, and various military bases abandoned throughout the United States are considered. However, Attorney General Edwin Meese decided that the headquarters should be located near the Attorney General's office. Thus, in 1989, the base was moved to 600-700 Army-Navy Drive in the Pentagon City area of ​​Arlington, Virginia, near a Metro station of the same name.
On April 19, 1995, Timothy McVeigh attacked the Federal Building Alfred P. Murrah in Oklahoma City for having a regional office for the FBI, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and DEA, all of which have been implemented. raids which he regarded as an unjustifiable distraction of the rights of the people; this attack caused the deaths of two DEA employees, one member of the task force, and two contractors in the Oklahoma City bombing. Furthermore, the DEA headquarters complex is classified as a Level IV installation under US federal building safety standards, which means it is considered a high-risk law enforcement target for terrorists. The safety measures include a hydraulic steel plate for enforcing distance from buildings, metal detectors, and guard posts.
In February 2003, DEA established the Digital Evidence Laboratory within its Forensic Science Office.
Maps Drug Enforcement Administration
Organization
The DEA is headed by a Drug Enforcement Administrator who is appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the US Senate. The Administrator reports to the Attorney General through the Deputy General Prosecutor. The Administrator is assisted by the Deputy Administrator, Chief of Operations, Chief Inspector, and three Assistant Administrators (for the Operations Support, Intelligence, and Human Resources Division). Other senior staff including chief financial officer and Chief Counsel. The Administrator and Deputy Administrator are the only personnel appointed by the president at DEA; all other DEA officials are career government employees. DEA's headquarters are located in Arlington, Virginia opposite the Pentagon. It retains its own DEA Academy located at the Quantico Base Marine Corps in Quantico, Virginia along with the FBI Academy. It maintains 21 domestic field divisions with 221 field offices and 92 foreign offices in 70 countries. With a budget of over $ 2 billion, the DEA employs over 10,800 people, including over 4,600 Special Agents and 800 Intelligence Analysts. Being a Special Agent or Intelligence Analyst with DEA ​​is a competitive process.
Structure
- Administrator
- Vice Administrator
- Human Resources Division
- Career Council
- Board of Professional Conduct
- Training Office
- Operations Division
- Flight Division
- Office of Operations Management
- Special Operations Division
- Office of Diversion Control
- Global Enforcement Office
- Office of Financial Operations
- Intelligence Division
- National Security Intelligence Office
- Office of Strategic Intelligence
- Custom Intelligence Office
- El Paso Intelligence Center
- OCDETF Fusion Center
- Financial Management Division
- Office of Relocation Acquisition and Management
- Financial Office
- Resource Management Office
- Operational Support Division
- Office Administration
- Office Information System
- Office of Forensic Science
- Office of Investigative Technology
- Inspection Division
- Inspection Office
- Professional Responsibility Office
- Office Security Program
- Division and Field Office
- Human Resources Division
- Vice Administrator
Custom agents
In 2017 there are 4,650 special agents employed by the Drug Enforcement Administration. The initial income of DEA agents is $ 49,746- $ 55,483. After four years working as an agent, salary jumped to above $ 92,592.
After receiving a conditional job offer, recruitment must then complete a 19-week strict training covering lessons in firearms skills (including basic shooting skills), weapons security, tactical firing, and deadly training decisions. To graduate, students must maintain an academic average of 80 percent on an academic exam, pass a firearms qualification test, successfully demonstrate leadership and sound decision-making in a practical scenario, and pass a rigorous physical duty test. After graduation, recruitment earned the DEA Special Agent title.
DEAs exclude from job applicants considerations that have a history of narcotics use or illegal drugs. Investigations typically include polygraph tests for special agents, investigators, and intelligence research specialist positions.
Applicants who are found, through investigation or personal acceptance, to experiment or use narcotics or dangerous drugs, unless prescribed medically, will not be considered for working with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Exceptions to this policy may be made for applicants who recognize the limited use of marijuana at young and experimental ages. Such applicants may be considered for employment if there is no evidence of regular, confirmed use and full field background investigations and the results of other measures in the reverse process are beneficial.
The relatively firm DEA's stance on this issue contrasts with the attitude of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, which in 2005 was considered to loosen its recruitment policies relevant to the history of individual drug use.
Flight Division
The DEA Aviation Division (OA) (formerly Aviation Section) is an air division based in Fort Worth Alliance Airport, Texas. The current OA fleet consists of 106 aircraft and 124 DEA pilots.
DEA shares a communication system with the Department of Defense for communication with independent state and regional enforcement of the Department of Justice and police information systems and is coordinated by an information command center called El Paso Intelligence Center (EPIC) near El Paso, Texas.
Custom Response Team
Rapid Response Teams (PRC) (formerly known as Adviser and Support of Foreign Team-Deployed (CEPAT)) has been disabled by DEA Acting Administrator Chuck Rosenburg in March 2017 through a memorandum.
DEA officially created and standardized the Special Response Team (SRT) program in 2016 to address high-risk tactical operations in the field. The DEA mandates that each major domestic office has an Operational Specific Response Team. The SRT Certification Course (SCC) consists of 11 days of SRT Basic and 5 days of Advanced SRT at US Army Ft. A.P. Hill in Virginia. Kader SCC is a former operator of the best and most experienced DEA RRT agent. Training responsibilities for the SRT were transferred to the DEA Training Office to a newly created training unit with former PRC members. The SCC course trains SRT candidates in team movements, high-risk entries, tactical weapon skills, and dynamic operating principles.
Some SRT missions consist of high-risk arrests, vehicle raids, special surveillance, high profile private custody, protection of dignity and witnesses, surveillance and tactical restrictions, subsequent offenses, tactical training to other police units, and urban and rural fugitives. search.
In the past, the DEA had other tactical teams such as the High-Risk Entry Understanding (HEAT) Team in several Field Divisions, and the Snowcap Operations Team (Precepts FAST). Teams administered by the Mobile Enforcement Section, Mobile Enforcement Team (MET) and the Regional Action Team (RET), are mobile investigation units intended to disseminate resources to state and local (MET) or DEA (RET) who need help with certain investigative or trading groups. These programs ended in the early 2000s.
Special Operations Division
DEA's Special Operations Division (SOD) is a division within the DEA, which forwards information from intercepts, intercepts and databases from various sources to federal agencies and local law enforcement officials. SOD is under scrutiny following the mass supervision disclosure of 2013.
The Domestic Cannabis/Suppression Program
The Household Eradication/Eradication Program (DCE/SP) began funding eradication programs in Hawaii and California in 1979. The program was rapidly expanded to include programs in 25 states in 1982. In 1985, all 50 countries participating in DCE/SP. By 2015, DCE/SP is responsible for the eradication of 3,932,201 outdoor hemp cultivated plants and 325,019 indoor plants for a total of 4,257,220 cannabis plants. In addition, DCE/SP contributed 6,278 arrests and foreclosures of more than $ 29.7 million of cultivator assets.
By 2014, DEA spent $ 73,000 to eradicate cannabis plants in Utah, although they did not find a single marijuana plant. The federal document obtained by journalist Drew Atkins details the DEA's ongoing effort to spend more than $ 14 million annually to completely eliminate marijuana in the United States even though government fund allocation reports suggest that the Ganja Eradication Program often leads to the discovery of no cannabis plants. This encouraged twelve members of Congress to encourage the elimination of the program and use the money instead to fund the prevention and reduction program in household deficits.
Budget
The 1998 DEA budget is directed to three of the five key US drug-fighting goals:
- Destroying foreign and domestic supply sources ($ 1,0149 billion) through domestic marijuana reduction/suppression; domestic enforcement; research, engineering, and technical operations; Foreign Cooperative Investigation Program; intelligence operations (financial intelligence, operational intelligence, strategic intelligence, and El Paso Intelligence Center); and control of the transfer of drugs and chemicals.
- Reducing drug-related crime and violence ($ 181.8 million) in funding countries and local teams and mobile implementation teams.
- Demand reduction ($ 3.3 million) through anti-legalization education, training for law enforcement personnel, youth programs, support for community-based coalitions and sports drug awareness programs.
Firearms
The main DEA agent service weapons are Glock 22 and Glock 23, Remington 870 12 gauge shotgun, and Rock River Arms LAR-15 semi-automatic carbine at 5.56X45 mm NATO. Agents may also be eligible to carry firearms listed on the official registered register managed and updated by the Firearms Training Unit (FTU), Quantico, VA.
Special Agents may qualify with their own personal pistols, rifles, guns and handguns permitted for use with the permission of the FTU. Agents are required to attend tactical skill training and firearms every three months, and to qualify with their pistols twice per year. DEA has one of the most challenging pistol qualification courses in all federal law enforcement. Failure to achieve graduation qualification scores is the reason most of the firing of colleges and special agents in the field may have their authority to carry firearms that are revoked for failing to qualify.
Basic Agent Trainees (BATs) who failed in the initial pistol qualification course were placed in a remedial program to receive additional training. In remedial training, BATs received 5 additional two-hour sessions, with a total of 10 hours of live shot-to-gun training on their pistols, to assist them further in helping pass the pistol qualification. After passing the qualification of their pistol, the Basic Agent Trainees went on to receive formal training on DEA's standard long-range weapons and will continue to shoot pistols fired by the institutions they have mastered. Overall, BATs received a total of 32 firearm training sessions, when incorporating classroom instruction, dental problems, and guns, rifles, and live fire training rifles at the DEA Academy. They will take a qualifying course for all 3 weapon systems during their initial training, but must pass their last qualification effort only on their Glock pistol to become Special Agent.
Trained to use arms, Rock River LAR-15, adopted in 2004, and LWRC is the DEA standard carbine. Colt 9mm SMG previously issued, but no longer in operation. Agents are required to complete a two-day (16 hour) course of instruction to carry shoulder arms to law enforcement operations. They may carry Rock River LAR-15 or LWRC M6A2 carbines as authorized weapons, privately owned, provided they meet the same training and proficiency standards.
Impact on drug trafficking
In 2005, the DEA seized $ 1.4 billion reported in drug-related assets and $ 477 million worth of drugs. According to the White House Drug Control Policy, the total value of all drugs sold in the US is $ 64 billion per year, giving the DEA an efficiency rate of less than 1% in tapping the flow of drugs into and within the US Criticism of the DEA (including the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics, Milton Friedman, prior to his death by law enforcement member) shows that the demand for illegal drugs is not elastic; people who buy drugs will continue to buy them regardless of price, often turning into crime to support expensive drug habits when drug prices go up. A recent study by the DEA shows that the price of cocaine and methamphetamine is the highest that ever existed while their quality is at the lowest point ever. This is contrary to the data collection conducted by the Office of National Drug Policy, which states that the purity of street drugs has increased, while prices have declined. Unlike the statistics presented by the DEA, the US Department of Justice released data in 2003 showing that the purity of methamphetamine is on the rise.
Registration and permissions
DEA has a registration system that allows anyone to produce, import, export and distribute by filling out the DEA 225 form along with medical professionals, researchers and producers of access to the "Schedule I" drug, as well as Schedules 2, 3, 4 and 5. The registrants legally applying and, if given, receiving "DEA number". Entities that have issued DEA numbers are authorized to make (drug companies), distribute, research, prescribe (doctors, pharmacists, nursing practitioners and physician assistants, etc.) or exclude (pharmaceutically) controlled substances.
System redirection control
Many of the problems associated with drug abuse are the result of legally-produced controlled substances that are diverted from their legitimate destinations into drug traffic. Many analgesics, depressants, and stimulants made for legitimate medical use can often carry potential dependence or abuse. Therefore, scheduled substances have been brought under legal control for the prevention and security of the population. The purpose of the controls is to ensure that these "controlled substances" are readily available for medical use, while preventing their distribution for illegal distribution and non-medical use. This can be a difficult task, sometimes giving trouble to legitimate patients and healthcare providers while avoiding illegal trade and scheduled drug consumption.
According to federal law, all businesses that produce or distribute the drug are supervised, all healthcare professionals are entitled to issue, administer or prescribe them, and all pharmacies that are eligible to fill a prescription must register with DEA. Applicants must comply with a set of regulatory requirements related to drug safety, accountability of records, and compliance with the standards.
All of these investigations are carried out by the Inquiry Investigator (DIs). DIs conducts investigations to uncover and investigate suspected diversion sources and take appropriate civil and administrative action. The Recipe Database Management Program (PDMP) helps and facilitates investigation and monitoring.
MDMA DEA Scheduling cancel
In 1985 the MDMA and its analogues were being reviewed by the American government as a cure for potential abuse. During this time, several public hearings on new drugs are held by the DEA. Based on all the evidence and facts presented at the time, DEA administrative judges did not see the MDMA and its analogues as of great concern and recommended that they be placed in Schedule III. DEA Administrators, expressing concern over potential abuse, reject the recommendation and decide that MDMA is included in Schedule I, the category most restricted by the Controlled Law.
Criticism
DEA has been criticized for putting very strict schedules on some of the drugs that researchers in pharmacology and medicine consider to have medical uses. Critics insist that some such decisions are motivated primarily by political factors emanating from the US Government War on Drugs, and that many of the benefits of such substances remain unknown because of the difficulty of doing scientific research. A counter to the criticism is that under the Controlled Substance Act is the Department of Health and Human Services (through the Food and Drug Administration and the National Institute of Drug Abuse), not the DEA, which has the legal responsibility to make scientific and medical determinations in connection with drug scheduling; no drug can be scheduled if the Minister of Health and Human Services recommends not to do so scientifically or medically, and no drugs can be placed in the most restrictive schedule (Schedule I) if DHHS finds that the drug has accepted medical use. Jon Gettman's essay on Science and End Cannabis Prohibition describes the DEA as "fallen people to deflect responsibility from key decision makers" and argues, "HHS calls shots when it comes to the ban on marijuana, and the police at DEA and the general at ONDCP takes the heat. "
The DEA is also criticized for focusing on the operation from which it can seize the most money, namely the organized border trade of cannabis. Some individuals who reflect on the nature of the DEA charter suggest that, based on the danger, the DEA should be most focused on cocaine. Others suggest that, based on opiate popularity, DEA should focus more on recreational recipes of opiates, which critics say appears first before users turn to heroin.
Practitioners who prescribe drugs legally must have a valid DEA license. Under federal law, DEA's Reduced Transfer Program budget has to be paid for with the cost of this license. In 1984, the three-year license cost $ 25. In 2009, the cost for a three-year license was $ 551. Some people equate this approach with unreasonable license fees, "such as creating a pilot license supporting the entire Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). "
Cost
The total DEA budget from 1972 to 2014, according to agency website, is $ 50.6 billion. The agency has 11,055 employees by 2014. For 2014 the average cost per capture made is $ 97,325.
Civil Liberties
Others, such as former members of the Republican congress Ron Paul, the Cato Institute, the Libertarian Party, and the Drug Policy Alliance criticize the existence of DEA and the War on Drugs because both are hostile, and contradictory, to the concept of civil liberties by stating that everyone should be free to include what substance as well as the ones they choose into their own bodies for any reason, especially when legal drugs such as alcohol, tobacco, and prescription drugs are also open to abuse, and that any harm caused by drug users or addicts in general is a rights case conflicting civil rights. Over and over again, billions of dollars are spent each year, with a primary focus on criminal law and demand-reduction campaigns, which has resulted in the imprisonment of thousands of Americans. Demand for recreational drugs is somewhat static as the market for most illegal drugs has saturated, forcing the cartel to expand their markets to Europe and other regions other than the United States. United States federal law registers marijuana as a drug Schedule I, but common for illicit drugs such as marijuana is widely available in most urban, suburban, and even rural areas in the United States, which leads advocates of drug legalization to claim that legal drugs have little influence on those who choose not to abide by it, and that resources are spent on enforcing drug laws. Due to the DEA in particular, much of the individual arrests arising from the ownership and distribution of illegal drugs are narrower and more locally within the scope and made by local law enforcement officers, while DEA tends to focus on larger, inter-state and international distribution. networks and higher members of such organizations in addition to operating together with other local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies along the US border.
Some groups advocate legalizing certain substances controlled under the premise that it can reduce the volume of illicit trafficking and related crimes and generate valuable tax resources, although some results from legalized drugs have raised doubts about some of these beliefs. For example, marijuana is now available as a palliative agent, in Canada, with a prescription. However, 86% of Canadians with HIV/AIDS, eligible for prescription, continue to obtain marijuana illegally (AIDS Care 2007 2007, 19 (4): 500-6.) However, this could be due to the availability or quality of illegal marijuana compared to provisions by government sources. Barriers to bureaucracy can also prevent patients from actually trying to receive it from the government.
Daniel Chong's Detention
The DEA raids in April 2012 in a home in California led to Daniel Chong's detention for several days under negligence. The 23-year-old student who attended the University of California, San Diego was detained with eight others when the DEA attacked a suspected MDMA distribution operation at the residence he visited to celebrate marijuana April 20. holiday "known as" 420. "According to Chong, DEA agents questioned him and told him that he could go home, even offered a ride home, but he was transferred to a cell of detention and held for five days without food or water, although Chong said he swallowed starch which was left for him, later found methamphetamine.After five days and two failed suicide attempts, DEA agents found Chong.He was taken to the hospital, where he spent three days in intensive care, because his kidney almost failed.No criminal prosecution filed against Chong A DEA spokesman stated that the extended detention was an accident and a special acting agency responsible for the San Diego DEA office issued an apology to Chong Chong denied a deliberate waiver claim, saying that DEA personnel ignored his call for help. states the intention to file a claim against the government federal and some members of the California delegation to Congress called for further investigation of the incident.
Department of Justice Intelligence in Crime Program
On August 12, 2013, at the meeting of the House of Delegates American Bar Association, Attorney General Eric Holder announced the "Smart on Crime" program, which is "a major initiative by the Justice Department that essentially deprives several decades of violent anti-drug law and anti-. "Holder said the program" will encourage US lawyers to sue only defendants with crime "in which the accompanying sentence is more in line with their individual behavior, rather than an excessive prison sentence more appropriate for criminals or drug lords..." Running through Holder's statement , the increasing economic burden of over-custody is emphasized. In August 2013, the Smart on Crime program was not a legislative initiative but the effort was "limited to DOJ policy parameters."
International
David Coleman Headley (born Daood Sayed Gilani, 30 June 1960) who worked as an informant for the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) simultaneously made regular trips to Pakistan for LeT training and was one of the main conspirators in the 2008 Mumbai attacks On January 24, 2013 , Headley, then 52, was sentenced by US District Judge Harry Leinenweber of the United States District Court to the Northern District of Illinois in Chicago to 35 years in prison for involvement in the 2008 Mumbai attack, where at least 164 victims (civilians and security personnel ) and nine assailants were killed. Among the dead were 28 foreign nationals from 10 countries. One attacker was arrested. The bodies of many of the dead hostages showed signs of torture or disability. A number of people who died were important figures in business, media, and security services.
The DEA was accused in 2005 by the Venezuelan government of collaborating with drug traffickers, after which President Hugo ChÃÆ'Âvez decided to terminate his cooperation with the agency. In 2007, after the US State Department condemned Venezuela in its annual report on drug trafficking, the Venezuelan Minister of Justice reiterated the allegation: "A large amount of drug delivery leaves the country through the organization.We are in the presence of a new drug cartel. In a series of articles in 1996 and a subsequent 1999 book, entitled The Dark Alliance, journalist Gary Webb confirmed that DEA assisted the port of Nicaraguan drug dealers. In particular, they allow Oscar Danilo BlandÃÆ'³n political asylum in the US despite knowing his cocaine trade organization.
The Bolivian government has also taken similar steps to ban DEA from operating in the country. In September 2008, Bolivia drastically reduced diplomatic relations with the United States, withdrew its ambassador from the US and expelled the US ambassador from Bolivia. This happened shortly after Bolivian President Evo Morales expelled all DEA agents from the country because of a rebellion in traditional coca-grown Chapare province. The Bolivian government claims that they can not protect agents, and Morales further accused the agency of inciting violence, which killed 30 people. National institutions should take control of drug management. Three years later, Bolivia and the United States began to restore full diplomatic relations. However, Morales argues that the DEA will remain unpopular in the country, characterizing it as an affront to the "dignity and sovereignty" of Bolivia.
In the Netherlands, both the Dutch government and the DEA have been criticized for violating Dutch sovereignty in drug investigations. According to Peter R. de Vries, a Dutch journalist who attended the 2005 hearing Henk Orlando Rommy, DEA has acknowledged the activities on Dutch soil. Previously, then Justice Minister Piet Hein Donner, has denied to the Dutch parliament that he has granted permission to the DEA for any such activity, which would be a requirement by Dutch law to allow foreign agencies to act within the territory.
Special Operations Division makes a trail of evidence
In 2013 Reuters publishes a report on the DEA Special Operations Division (SOD) stating that it hides where the investigation trail about the suspect actually came from and created a series of parallel evidence given to prosecutors, judges and lawyers defender. The DEA program primarily affects common criminals such as drug traffickers. The concealment of evidence means that the defendant is unaware of how his investigation began and will not be able to request a review of possible evidence sources. Prohibited evidence may include witnesses, faults, or biased pitfalls. Nancy Gertner, a former federal judge who has served from 1994 to 2011 and a Harvard Law School professor, stated that "It is one thing to create a specific rule for national security, ordinary crimes are entirely different... it sounds like they are doing a false investigation." Andrew O'Hehir of Salon writes that "This is the first clear evidence that the" special rule "and disregard of constitutional laws that characterize the so-called terrorist hunt have crept into the domestic criminal justice system on a significant scale."
Cannabis rescheduling
A 2014 report by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies and the Drug Policy Alliance accused the DEA of unjustly blocking the cannabis removal from Schedule I. The report alleges that the method used by DEA to achieve this these include: delaying the rescheduling petition for years, setting aside administrative legal judges of the DEA, and systematically hampering scientific research. DEA continues to refuse removal of cannabis from Schedule I despite the widespread acceptance of substance among the medical community, including 76% of doctors, for the treatment of various diseases.
Domestic anti-drug advocacy
DEA, in addition to enforcement, also regularly engages in advocacy, particularly on marijuana rescheduling, by publishing policy-based papers on certain drugs. Some people criticize the DEA for using tax money in what they call an attempt to change public opinion, which they call beyond the scope of the enforcement task of the institution, and that by releasing the non-peer-reviewed report is a transparent attempt to justify its own activities. They claim that because DEA is not, by law, advocacy groups, but law enforcement groups, that the press release is the same as what they perceive as domestic propaganda.
Raids in medical marijuana pharmacies
DEA has taken a very strong stance on the enforcement of the Controlled Substance Act on persons and organizations acting in state law enabling the cultivation and distribution of medical marijuana. DEA executive agent Chuck Rosenberg has made negative statements on patients using medical marijuana. Chuck Rosenberg had mentioned that he considered medical marijuana a "joke". In reaction to the negative statements made by Chuck Rosenberg on medical marijuana, an international online petition has been established. More than 159,737 signatures have been collected globally with the intention that Chuck Rosenberg will be dismissed or forced to resign as head of the DEA.
"The people of California and County Santa Cruz have strongly supported the provision of medical marijuana for people who have serious illnesses," said regional supervisor Mardi Wormhoudt told San Francisco Gate. "These people (blocking roads) are people with AIDS and cancer and other serious diseases.To attack these people, who work collectively and never take money for their work, it is very unheard of."
As a result, the Wo/Men Alliance for Medical Cannabis, with the City and County of Santa Cruz, has sued DEA, Attorney General Michael Mukasey, and ONDCP. The latest court decision rejected the government's move to fire, allowing the discovery to move forward. The American Civil Liberties Union praised the decision as "the first decision of its kind."
Recently, DEA has stepped up its enforcement efforts on collective Los Angeles medical marijuana recently proliferated. On July 25, 2007, DEA raided the California Patient Group, Hollywood Loving Collective, and Natural Hybrid (NHI Caregivers) in Hollywood, California. Earlier in the day, operators from the collective participated in a press conference with members of the LA City Council who announced City's intention to organize collectively and asked the DEA to stop raids on the city's collective temporary drafting of regulations. Natural Hybrid clinic operators (NHI Caregivers) are forced to close collectively because of the extraordinary losses caused by DEAs doing joint task force attacks against them.
Cassandra Project
In 2008 the Special Operations section of the agency launched a multi-agency effort called Project Cassandra to investigate Iranian-backed Hezbollah terrorist groups for illegal drug trafficking and terrorist financing. The investigation identified an Iranian cell in the US that is working with a Lebanese bank called Bank of Lebanon Bank to launder money using used car purchases exported to Africa. The Cassandra project also identified the hemispheric drug syndicates involved in the cocaine trade to finance Hezbollah terrorism. The Justice Department issued several sealed indictments but refused to arrest, prosecute, extradite, or further investigate possible targets of alleged foreign criminal activity operating in the United States due to a White House diplomatic objective involving international nuclear pacts with Iran. On December 22, 2017, Attorney General Jeff Sessions ordered a review of the previous cases in the project.
DEA Museum
In 1999, DEA opened the Museum of Drug Enforcement in Arlington, Virginia. The original permanent exhibition - Illegal Drugs in America: A Modern History - remains the center of the museum. The exhibition features "over 150 years of drug and drug abuse and DEA history," including a large collection of medicines and smiley drugstores under "Jimmy Joint".
In popular culture
DEA agent in fiction
- Agent Hank Schrader (Dean Norris) and Steven Gomez (Steven Michael Quezada) on Breaking Bad television
- Agent Phil Broker (Jason Statham) in the movie Home
- Agent Robert "Bobby" Trench (Denzel Washington) in the film 2 Weapons
- Sean Vetter Agent (Vin Diesel) in the movie A Man Apart
- Agent Dennis Cain (John Travolta) in the movie Savages
- Agent Norman Stansfield (Gary Oldman) in the movie LÃÆ' Â © in: The Professional
- Agent Ty Moncrief (Gary Busey) in the movie Drop Zone
- Agent John "Breacher" Wharton (Arnold Schwarzenegger) in the movie Sabotage
- Paige Arkin's agent (Serinda Swan) on the television show Graceland
- Agent Peter Scottson (Martin Donovan) on the television show Weed
- Art Agent Keller in author Don Winslow The Power of Dog
- Agents Steve Murphy and Javier PeÃÆ'Â ± a in the Netflix series Narcos
- Agent John Hatcher (Steven Seagal) in Marked for Death
- Agent Talia Del Campo (Mercedes Mason) at NCIS: Los Angeles
- Kojima in Harry Turtledove's 2009 story Be Real
See also
- Title 21 of the Federal Regulatory Code
- Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad (former Colombian counterpart)
- Diplomatic Security Service (DSS), US Department of State
- Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
- Main Directorate of Drug Control (Russian partner)
- the Federal Drug Control Service (former Russian partner)
- Immigration and Customs (ICE)
- List of US federal law enforcement agencies
- Panama Express operation
- Therapeutic goods regulation in the United States
- US. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
Note
Further reading
- Harry J. Anslinger and Will Oursler (1961), Killers: The Story of Narcotics Group, New York: Farrar, Straus, and Cudahy.
- Edward Jay Epstein (1977), Fear Agency: Opiate and Political Power in America , New York: Putnam.
- Wayne Smith (2012), Waffle House Diaries, Chattanooga, TN: Bluehotel Press.
- "98 Percent All Domestic Dipped" Marijuana Is 'Ditchweed,' DEA Acknowledges ". NORML. September 7, 2006 . Retrieved March 27, 2007 .
- Key Study of Drug and Medicines Policy
- Rufus King (1972), The Hang-Up Medication: America Fifty Year Folly
- American Drug Results
External links
- Official website
- Drug Enforcement Administration in the Federal List
- List of former DEA Administrators
- Office of Diversion Control
- Responses to DEA's website
- DEA Watch
- DrugEnforcementEdu.org
- Get Smart About Drugs - DEA Resources for Parents
- DEA Demand Reduction - Street Smart Prevention
- DEA Museum
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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